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Hit enter to return to the slide.SUBMIT ALLsubmit allQuestion ListMore infoSend an emailCloseBioExitwelcome to… module 1 a user’s guide to urban bmps in the chesapeake bay introduction to the chesapeake bay tmdl and ms4 permits get started4 get started4 get started4 get started4 get started4 get started4 welcome video navigation we want to ensure that you have a smooth experience. pay attention to the navigational elements. navigation resources search next glossary view script menu attribution chesapeake stormwater network chesapeake stormwater network chesapeake stormwater network chesapeake stormwater network chesapeake stormwater network chesapeake stormwater network local state federal private sectors introduction 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 bay pollution diet adopted to reduce the mass of nutrients and sediments delivered to the bay called for increased implementation of stormwater best management practices (bmps) bay pollution diet ms4 permits local bmp implementation existing work can show progress towards reducing pollutants. developed other forest and row crops click each area to learn more. 58% ideal watershed condition 10% agricultural and urban land row crops management efforts focus on other sources wastewater treatment plants forest 17% pasture meadow wetlands open land other 15% improve water quality in developed watersheds 10% is turf 5% is paved developed quick check quick check start start start start start start which of the following statements are true about the chesapeake bay tmdl? (select all that apply.) it calls for increased implementation of stormwater bmps. it calls for increased implementation of stormwater bmps. it calls for increased implementation of stormwater bmps. it calls for increased implementation of stormwater bmps. it calls for increased implementation of stormwater bmps. it calls for increased implementation of stormwater bmps. it is often called the “bay pollution diet”. it is often called the “bay pollution diet”. it is often called the “bay pollution diet”. it is often called the “bay pollution diet”. it is often called the “bay pollution diet”. it is often called the “bay pollution diet”. its purpose is to reduce the mass of nutrients and sediments delivered to the bay. its purpose is to reduce the mass of nutrients and sediments delivered to the bay. its purpose is to reduce the mass of nutrients and sediments delivered to the bay. its purpose is to reduce the mass of nutrients and sediments delivered to the bay. its purpose is to reduce the mass of nutrients and sediments delivered to the bay. its purpose is to reduce the mass of nutrients and sediments delivered to the bay. it was officially adopted in 2012. it was officially adopted in 2012. it was officially adopted in 2012. it was officially adopted in 2012. it was officially adopted in 2012. it was officially adopted in 2012. submit correct that’s correct. all of these are true except it was adopted in 2010. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect all of these are true except it was adopted in 2010. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect that is incorrect. please try again. try again try again try again try again try again try again chesapeake bay restoration is a joint effort. largest source of nutrient and sediment pollution generate 40 million tons of manure need to improve treatment levels at smaller facilities reduced annual wastewater nutrient loads upgraded largest facilities communities have to identify how to best invest their limited resources. 18,000,000 70% ms4 community a publicly owned conveyance system designed or used to collect stormwater runoff and discharge it to waters of the united states. municipal separate storm sewer system (ms4) operators might be required to obtain permits and develop stormwater management programs. ! 25 phase i communities 700 phase ii communities 30% of the population is non-regulated photo courtesy of chesapeake bay program photo courtesy of chesapeake bay program public education and outreach public education and outreach public education and outreach public education and outreach public education and outreach public involvement and participation public involvement and participation public involvement and participation public involvement and participation public involvement and participation illicit discharge detection and elimination illicit discharge detection and elimination illicit discharge detection and elimination illicit discharge detection and elimination illicit discharge detection and elimination construction site runoff control construction site runoff control construction site runoff control construction site runoff control construction site runoff control post construction stormwater management post construction stormwater management post construction stormwater management post construction stormwater management post construction stormwater management municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping click each to learn more. public education and outreach public education and outreach public education and outreach public education and outreach public education and outreach communities create public education and outreach programs to inform citizens about the impacts of polluted stormwater runoff. photo courtesy of chesapeake bay program public involvement and participation public involvement and participation public involvement and participation public involvement and participation public involvement and participation communities provide opportunities for citizens to participate in program development. illicit discharge detection and elimination illicit discharge detection and elimination illicit discharge detection and elimination illicit discharge detection and elimination illicit discharge detection and elimination communities must implement an illicit discharge detection and elimination program. construction site runoff control construction site runoff control construction site runoff control construction site runoff control construction site runoff control communities must implement and enforce an erosion and sediment control program for construction sites. erosion & sediment control for construction sites erosion & sediment control for construction sites erosion & sediment control for construction sites erosion & sediment control for construction sites erosion & sediment control for construction sites erosion & sediment control for construction sites post construction stormwater management post construction stormwater management post construction stormwater management post construction stormwater management post construction stormwater management communities must administer a program to control stormwater runoff from new and redevelopment areas. photo courtesy of umd environmental finance center municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping communities must implement a good housekeeping program to reduce and prevent polluted stormwater runoff. photo courtesy of the city of harrisonburg enhancements to your illicit discharge detection and elimination program could make it eligible for nutrient reduction credit. the bmps you require to treat stormwater are also eligible for credit. pollutant reductions goals quick check quick check start start start start start start true true true true true true false false false false false false wastewater is the single largest source of nutrient and sediment pollution entering the bay. submit correct that's right! agriculture is the single largest source of nutrient and sediment pollution entering the bay. practices such as tillage and the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides pollute local waterways. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect agriculture is the single largest source of nutrient and sediment pollution entering the bay. practices such as tillage and the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides pollute local waterways. continue continue continue continue continue continue true true true true true true false false false false false false municipal separate storm sewer systems (or ms4s) are privately owned conveyance systems that collect stormwater runoff from private properties and discharge it to local waterways. submit correct that's right! an ms4 is the system of storm drains, gutters, pipes, streams or ditches used to carry surface and stormwater from surrounding lands to local waterways. they are owned and operated by a state, city, town, borough, county, parish, district, association or other public body. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect an ms4 is the system of storm drains, gutters, pipes, streams or ditches used to carry surface and stormwater from surrounding lands to local waterways. they are owned and operated by a state, city, town, borough, county, parish, district, association or other public body. continue continue continue continue continue continue approximately ______ of the chesapeake bay population lives within an ms4 community. 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 50% 50% 50% 50% 50% 50% 70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 75% 75% 75% 75% 75% 75% submit correct approximately 70% of the chesapeake bay population lives within an ms4 community. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect approximately 70% of the chesapeake bay population lives within an ms4 community. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect that is incorrect. please try again. try again try again try again try again try again try again match the following phase with the correct description. 1. medium to large communities with populations over 100,000. phase i 2. there are approximately 700 of these smaller communities. phase ii 3. these communities account for about 30 percent of the chesapeake bay population. unregulated correct phase i consists of medium to large communities with populations over 100,000. phase ii has approximately 700 of these smaller communities. unregulated communities account for about 30% of the chesapeake bay population. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect phase i consists of medium to large communities with populations over 100,000. phase ii has approximately 700 of these smaller communities. unregulated communities account for about 30% of the chesapeake bay population. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect that is incorrect. please try again. try again try again try again try again try again try again the basic ms4 permit consists of _____ minimum management measures, which when implemented should result in significant reductions in pollutants discharged into receiving waters. 4 4 4 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 8 8 8 8 8 10 10 10 10 10 10 submit correct the basic ms4 permit has six minimum management measures: public education and outreach, public involvement and participation, illicit discharge detection and elimination, construction site runoff control, post construction stormwater management, and municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect the basic ms4 permit has six minimum management measures: public education and outreach, public involvement and participation, illicit discharge detection and elimination, construction site runoff control, post construction stormwater management, and municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect that is incorrect. please try again. try again try again try again try again try again try again photo courtesy of chesapeake bay program resource limitations staffing limitations scale of requirements (too much required and/or too little time) lack of tools to help comply with permit lack of clear guidance from state or other authority unclear permit requirements 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 source: 2015 chesapeake stormwater network survey of ms4 permitees in the chesapeake bay watershed greatest challenges complying with ms4 permits according to permittees source: 2015 chesapeake stormwater network survey of ms4 permittees in the chesapeake bay watershed simulated pollution loads delivered to the bay (million pounds/year) 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 1985 2009 2015 25 20 15 10 5 0 1985 2009 2015 11,000 10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 1985 2009 2015 photo courtesy of chesapeake bay program phase i phase ii provide an overview of tools available to tackle the challenges nitrogen sediment phosphorus 2017 interim target 2025 planning target (amt.allowed in bay) chesapeake bay pollution reduction targets: total nitrogen 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2009 load 2017 targets 2025 targets photo courtesy of chesapeake bay program the tmdl… …designed to track management actions …measured by bmp implementation …ultimate success = a measurably cleaner bay improved dissolved o2 levels improved water clarity increased underwater bay grasses the bay pollution diet aims to improve the health of the chesapeake bay ecosystem. blue crab blue crab blue crab blue crab photo courtesy of chesapeake bay program underwater grasses underwater grasses underwater grasses underwater grasses progress has been made since the bay pollution diet was established in 2010 click the blue crab and underwater grasses images to learn more about their progress. click here to return. click here to return. click here to return. blue crab 2016 2017 194 million 215 million 254 million 31% increase click here to return. click here to return. click here to return. underwater grasses 1970 2016 90,000 acres 97,433 acres 185,000 acres 2017 goal 53% achieved 2025 goal lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, sed ei alienum repudiare, esse novum ad quo. cum sumo justo ne. veniam propriae dissentiet mei eu, cum ut tollit scribentur. his an ponderum gloriatur, commodo sensibus ei quo. rebum molestie explicari ius te, cum dolor commune adolescens in. an vix salutandi expetendis. click here to return. click here to return. click here to return. title 3 between 2016 and 2017, the abundance of adult (age 1+) female blue crabs in the chesapeake bay increased from 194 million to 254 million. that’s a 31% increase. while crab numbers do fluctuate from year to year, this number is above the 215 million target, and marks the highest amount ever recorded by the bay-wide blue crab winter dredge survey. click here to return. click here to return. click here to return. title 4 quick check quick check start start start start start start true true true true true true false false false false false false the chesapeake bay tmdl set goals to install enough practices to clean up the bay by 2025. submit correct the tmdl was finalized in 2010, formally setting goals to install enough practices to clean up the bay by 2025. this “pollution diet” also established a midpoint goal of having 60% of practices in place by the end of 2017. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect the tmdl was finalized in 2010, formally setting goals to install enough practices to clean up the bay by 2025. this “pollution diet” also established a midpoint goal of having 60% of practices in place by the end of 2017. continue continue continue continue continue continue true true true true true true false false false false false false between 2015 and 2016, there was a substantial improvement in the number of adult female blue crabs in the chesapeake bay. submit correct between 2015 and 2016, the abundance of adult female blue crabs in the chesapeake bay increased 92 percent, from 101 million to 194 million, falling near the target population of 215 million. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect between 2015 and 2016, the abundance of adult female blue crabs in the chesapeake bay increased 92 percent, from 101 million to 194 million, falling near the target population of 215 million. continue continue continue continue continue continue watershed implementation plan (wip) = programmatic goals + numeric bmp implementation objectives courtesy of the chesapeake bay program include objectives established by the states when renewing permits. photo courtesy of chesapeake bay program epa conducts milestone assessments with bay states every 2 years. evaluate the policies evaluate implementation rates source: 2015 chesapeake stormwater network survey of ms4 permittees in the chesapeake bay watershed 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 1985 2009 2015 25 20 15 10 5 0 1985 2009 2015 11,000 10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 1985 2009 2015 simulated pollution loads delivered to the bay (million pounds/year) chesapeake bay program’s watershed model: tracks bmp implementation computes impact of reported bmps on reducing nutrient and sediment loads 2010 2017 2025 nitrogen phosphorus suspended solids nitrogen sediment phosphorus 2017 interim target 2025 planning target (amt.allowed in bay) manage nutrient and sediment loads from new sites reduce loads from existing development delaware d.c. maryland new york pennsylvania virginia west virginia * from existing development…….source: antos, 2013 13% 13% 24% 8% 41% 13% 3% n % reduction in urban loads * 12% 22% 28% 20% 45% 21% 44% 5% 16% 29% 10% 50% 30% 50% p tss urban bmps a major component of most states strategies to reduce nutrient loads through 2025 existing ms4 permit requirements for bmp maintenance, inspection, and reporting are used to comply with bay bmp verification needs most practices established under the minimum management measures are eligible for pollutant reduction credit more efforts are being made to engage local communities in the development of load reduction strategies. measure progress update and incorporate the best new science into the decision support tools reevaluate management efforts and develop new wips midpoint assessment website midpoint assessment website midpoint assessment website midpoint assessment website midpoint assessment website midpoint assessment website chesapeake assessment scenario tool chesapeake assessment scenario tool chesapeake assessment scenario tool chesapeake assessment scenario tool chesapeake assessment scenario tool chesapeake assessment scenario tool water quality goal implementation team water quality goal implementation team water quality goal implementation team water quality goal implementation team water quality goal implementation team water quality goal implementation team resources 60% the goal at the halfway point of the bay pollution diet video: where are we now? quick check quick check start start start start start start how often does epa conduct milestone assessments with bay states in order to track their progress toward achieving pollution reduction goals? every year every year every year every year every year every year every 2 years every 2 years every 2 years every 2 years every 2 years every 2 years every 3 years every 3 years every 3 years every 3 years every 3 years every 3 years every 5 years every 5 years every 5 years every 5 years every 5 years every 5 years submit correct that's right! the epa conducts milestone assessments with bay states every two years to track progress towards achieving bay restoration goals. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect the epa conducts milestone assessments with bay states every two years to track progress towards achieving bay restoration goals. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect that is incorrect. please try again. try again try again try again try again try again try again true true true true true true false false false false false false bmp implementation is tracked using the chesapeake bay program’s watershed model. submit correct that's right! the chesapeake bay program’s watershed model computes the impact of reported bmps on reducing the nutrient and sediment loads delivered to the chesapeake bay. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect the chesapeake bay program’s watershed model computes the impact of reported bmps on reducing the nutrient and sediment loads delivered to the chesapeake bay. continue continue continue continue continue continue the chesapeake bay tmdl has a midpoint goal to have _____ of practices in place by the end of 2017. 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 50% 50% 50% 50% 50% 50% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 75% 75% 75% 75% 75% 75% submit correct that's right! the goal at the halfway point of the bay pollution diet is to have 60% of the practices in place that are needed to achieve a clean bay. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect the goal at the halfway point of the bay pollution diet is to have 60% of the practices in place that are needed to achieve a clean bay. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect that is incorrect. please try again. try again try again try again try again try again try again discuss how bmp verification has changed urban stormwater management identify bmps you should expect to achieve most of your load reductions discuss range of bmps available to communities congratulations you’ve successfully completed module one next: module two introduce 9 urban bmps discuss the benefits provided by bmps practices close this window to select the next module. 1 list item one. 2 list item two. 3 list item three. 4 list item four. 5 list item five. ordered list title ordered list title goes here list item list item list item list item list item 1 what type of permit does my jurisdiction have? 2 what is our local government structure? 3 what is the dominant land use? 4 what is driving the need for change? 5 what is our current stormwater program? 1 0 how will we pay for the program? 9 what new program would close the gaps? 8 what are the gaps between current and target performance? 7 what performance targets should we set? 6 how well is our currentprogram performing? 1 what type of permit does my jurisdiction have? 2 what is our local government structure? 3 what is the dominant land use? 4 what is driving the need for change? 5 what is our current stormwater program? how will we pay for the program? 1 0 9 what new program would close the gaps? 8 what are the gaps between current and target performance? 7 what performance targets should we set? 6 how well is our currentprogram performing? phase iii phase ii phase i 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 list item list item list item unordered list title unordered list title list item list item list item list item list item list item unordered list title word or phrase word or phrase word or phrase word or phrase text 5 goes in here text 4 goes in here text 3 goes in here text 2 goes in here text 1 goes in here text 5 goes in here text 4 goes in here text 3 goes in here text 2 goes in here text 1 goes in here cluster title word or phrase word or phrase word or phrase word or phrase word or phrase word or phrase word or phrase word or phrase cluster title word or phrase word or phrase word or phrase word or phrase word or phrase word or phrase word or phrase word or phrase vegetative controls topsoiling vegetation establishment mulches, blankets, and matting dust control practices: stabilize denuded areas within 7 days stabilize or trap stockpiles use a phased construction approach strategies: 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 call out text in here content page for onscreen text and a photo that is portrait size to the left side or can be added to the right side. the photo can be a full screen as well. call out text in here content page for onscreen text and a photo that is portrait size to the left side or can be added to the right side. the image can be full screen as well. bulleted list here bulleted list here bulleted list here bulleted list here call out title call out text in here call out text here filling this space. extend the width/height of the boxes to suit your needs. call out title callout text goes here. and here. and here. ? question call out? call out coming in from the right. fatal fires 85 always look for 2 exits and have a plan of escape. this course will not replace courses on specific state statutory requirements. ! concerned citizens elected officials interest groups government staff resource providers others draw on experienced people technical experts constructive thinkers submit resources next text here text here general funds bonds loans grants stormwater utility fees highly competitive great way to jumpstart your program can pay for planning initiatives can pay for installation of demonstration projects can pay for capacity development typically do not pay for operation and maintenance activities are not sustainable are not guaranteed municipal wastewater facility wasterwater treatment systems nonpoint sources of pollution green infrastructure estuaries other get started4 get started4 get started4 get started4 get started4 get started4 photo courtesy of vadeq number number number number number column 1 column 2 column 3 column 4 column 5 title here or delete this click each button to learn more button 1 button 1 button 1 button 1 button 2 button 2 button 2 button 2 button 3 button 3 button 3 button 3 button 4 button 4 button 4 button 4 title text goes here contents will go inside this box. a photo or graphic can be added at the bottom. contents will go inside this box. a photo or graphic can be added at the bottom. title text 1 goes here contents will go inside this thought bubble. contents will go inside this thought bubble. contents will go inside this thought bubble. title text 2 goes here contents will go inside this thought bubble. contents will go inside this thought bubble. contents will go inside this thought bubble. title text goes here contents will go inside this box. a photo or graphic can be added at the bottom. contents will go inside this box. a photo or graphic can be added at the bottom. title text 3 goes here contents will go inside this thought bubble. contents will go inside this thought bubble. contents will go inside this thought bubble. title text 4 goes here contents will go inside this thought bubble. contents will go inside this thought bubble. contents will go inside this thought bubble. evidence of change gather the evidence sources: external standards external standards external standards external standards financial strains financial strains financial strains financial strains inadequate coordination inadequate coordination inadequate coordination inadequate coordination evidence of climate change evidence of climate change evidence of climate change evidence of climate change click each source to learn more. external standards external standards may change. center for watershed protection provides a helpful worksheet. epa provides a water quality scorecard. close close financial strains close close projects may fall short of their goals. strain may be evidenced by inadequate maintenance efforts; high and chronic employee overtime; and underbuilt facilities. coordination inadequate close close problems may be related to inadequate coordination between departments and agencies in the jurisdiction. poor coordination can lead to slow responses and missed opportunities to gain resources and provide services. accumulating data about the local climate will affect scientific predictions. an increase in nuisance flooding and intense storm events may arise. climate change close close you have viewed each source item. click next to continue. drag the green button along the slider to learn more. year 1 year 2 year 3 year 5 year 4 timeline year 1 develop system architecture; establish partnerships year 2 launch prototype; expand partnerships; gather feedback & refine offerings year 3 enhance continuing education program; expand training courses year 4 diversify training opportunities year 5 improve, expand & sustain program select why has stormwater management become a public issue in your community? note: likely, you have more than one reason. state or federal mandates flooding issues health and safety concerns need to replace gray infrastructure add green infrastructure interest group pressure other jot down your thoughts and save them for future review. click next to continue close close fairfax county, virginia stormwater service district fairfax county, virginia stormwater service district fairfax county, virginia stormwater service district fairfax county, virginia stormwater service district fairfax county, virginia stormwater service district fairfax county, virginia stormwater service district click on each phase to learn more. phasing in the program phase i phase ii phase iii click on each phase to learn more. phase i projects that gain public support. close close phase ii identified projects that have not been vetted by the public. close close phase iii larger capital projects that may include many partners. close close encourages members to contribute and stay productive click on each role to learn more. gatekeeper devil’s advocate consensus builder cheerleader source: iowa state university cooperative extension service, “group member roles for group effectiveness.” gatekeeper the gatekeeper attempts to keep the channels of communication open so that all group members are encouraged to participate. close close source: university of waterloo, ontario canada, centre for teaching excellence devil’s advocate serves as a quality-control person who double-checks every detail to make sure errors have not been made and searches for aspects of the work that need more attention. keeps an eye out for mistakes, especially those that may fall between the responsibilities of two group members. close close source: elliott, the role of facilitators, mediators, and other consensus building practitioners. the consensus building handbook. consensus builder helps participants reach decisions through discussion and negotiation for the purpose of arriving at a mutually acceptable agreement. close close source: http://www.leadership-toolbox.com/leadership-styles.html cheerleader takes an indirect approach, motivating and encouraging the team toward success. cheerleaders try to make people comfortable in their roles. they have magnetic personalities and boatloads of charisma. close close you have viewed each facilitator role. click next to continue. navigation we want to ensure that you have a smooth experience. pay attention to the navigational elements. navigation resources search next glossary view script menu quick check quick check start start start start start start match the abbreviations with the definitions. virginia’s certification identifying a person who has met the certification requirements needed to safely oversee. rld the legislative act establishing every americans’ right to fishable, swimmable waterways. cwa the permitting system to regulate point source pollution. npdes projects with land disturbing activities exceeding one acre require the site operator to prepare a stormwater pollution . cgp all construction site actions include clearing, grading, excavating, transporting, and filling of land and in . lod correct that's right! you selected the correct response. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect rld: virginia’s certification identifying a person who has met the certification requirements needed to safely oversee a construction site’s erosion and sediment control plan. cwa: the legislative act establishing every americans’ right to fishable, swimmable waterways. npdes: the permitting system to regulate point source pollution.  cgp: projects with land disturbing activities exceeding one acre require the site operator to prepare a stormwater pollution prevention plan in addition to erosion sediment control plans. lod: all construction site actions include clearing, grading, excavating, transporting, and filling of land and in some cases trenching, staging, and stockpiling within these boundaries. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect that is incorrect. please try again. try again try again try again try again try again try again match the following phase with the correct description. 1. medium to large communities with populations over 100,000. phase i 2. there are approximately 700 of these smaller communities. phase ii 3. these communities account for about 30 percent of the chesapeake bay population. unregulated correct phase i consists of medium to large communities with populations over 100,000. phase ii has approximately 700 of these smaller communities. unregulated communities account for about 30% of the chesapeake bay population. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect phase i consists of medium to large communities with populations over 100,000. phase ii has approximately 700 of these smaller communities. unregulated communities account for about 30% of the chesapeake bay population. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect that is incorrect. please try again. try again try again try again try again try again try again identify whether the following are structural or non-structural green infrastructure practices. non-structural non-structural non-structural non-structural non-structural non-structural structural structural structural structural structural structural non-structural non-structural non-structural non-structural non-structural non-structural structural structural structural structural structural structural pet waste management bioretention maintaining natural drainage features tree planting non-structural non-structural non-structural non-structural non-structural non-structural structural structural structural structural structural structural non-structural non-structural non-structural non-structural non-structural non-structural structural structural structural structural structural structural submit correct pet waste management - non-structural bioretention - structural maintaining natural drainage features - non-structural tree planting - structural continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect pet waste management - non-structural bioretention - structural maintaining natural drainage features - non-structural tree planting - structural continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect that is incorrect. please try again. try again try again try again try again try again try again public education and outreach public education and outreach public education and outreach public education and outreach public education and outreach public involvement and participation public involvement and participation public involvement and participation public involvement and participation public involvement and participation illicit discharge detection and elimination illicit discharge detection and elimination illicit discharge detection and elimination illicit discharge detection and elimination illicit discharge detection and elimination construction site runoff control construction site runoff control construction site runoff control construction site runoff control construction site runoff control post construction stormwater management post construction stormwater management post construction stormwater management post construction stormwater management post construction stormwater management municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping click each to learn more. public education and outreach public education and outreach public education and outreach public education and outreach public education and outreach communities create public education and outreach programs to inform citizens about the impacts of polluted stormwater runoff. photo courtesy of chesapeake bay program public involvement and participation public involvement and participation public involvement and participation public involvement and participation public involvement and participation communities provide opportunities for citizens to participate in program development. illicit discharge detection and elimination illicit discharge detection and elimination illicit discharge detection and elimination illicit discharge detection and elimination illicit discharge detection and elimination communities must implement an illicit discharge detection and elimination program. construction site runoff control construction site runoff control construction site runoff control construction site runoff control construction site runoff control communities must implement and enforce an erosion and sediment control program for construction sites. erosion & sediment control for construction sites erosion & sediment control for construction sites erosion & sediment control for construction sites erosion & sediment control for construction sites erosion & sediment control for construction sites erosion & sediment control for construction sites post construction stormwater management post construction stormwater management post construction stormwater management post construction stormwater management post construction stormwater management communities must administer a program to control stormwater runoff from new and redevelopment areas. photo courtesy of umd environmental finance center municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping communities must implement a good housekeeping program to reduce and prevent polluted stormwater runoff. photo courtesy of the city of harrisonburg true true true true true true false false false false false false bmp implementation is tracked using the chesapeake bay program’s watershed model. submit correct that's right! the chesapeake bay program’s watershed model computes the impact of reported bmps on reducing the nutrient and sediment loads delivered to the chesapeake bay. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect the chesapeake bay program’s watershed model computes the impact of reported bmps on reducing the nutrient and sediment loads delivered to the chesapeake bay. continue continue continue continue continue continue virginia regulations require any portion of a site dormant more than 14 days and not at final grade to be temporarily stabilized within how many days? 5 days 5 days 5 days 5 days 5 days 5 days 7 days 7 days 7 days 7 days 7 days 7 days 14 days 14 days 14 days 14 days 14 days 14 days 1 month 1 month 1 month 1 month 1 month 1 month submit correct that's right! you selected the correct response. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect sites dormant for more than 14 days and not at final grade must be temporarily stabilized within 7 days. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect that is incorrect. please try again. try again try again try again try again try again try again which of the following statements are true about the chesapeake bay tmdl? (select all that apply.) it calls for increased implementation of stormwater bmps. it calls for increased implementation of stormwater bmps. it calls for increased implementation of stormwater bmps. it calls for increased implementation of stormwater bmps. it calls for increased implementation of stormwater bmps. it calls for increased implementation of stormwater bmps. it is often called the “bay pollution diet”. it is often called the “bay pollution diet”. it is often called the “bay pollution diet”. it is often called the “bay pollution diet”. it is often called the “bay pollution diet”. it is often called the “bay pollution diet”. its purpose is to reduce the mass of nutrients and sediments delivered to the bay. its purpose is to reduce the mass of nutrients and sediments delivered to the bay. its purpose is to reduce the mass of nutrients and sediments delivered to the bay. its purpose is to reduce the mass of nutrients and sediments delivered to the bay. its purpose is to reduce the mass of nutrients and sediments delivered to the bay. its purpose is to reduce the mass of nutrients and sediments delivered to the bay. it was officially adopted in 2012. it was officially adopted in 2012. it was officially adopted in 2012. it was officially adopted in 2012. it was officially adopted in 2012. it was officially adopted in 2012. submit correct that’s correct. all of these are true except it was adopted in 2010. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect all of these are true except it was adopted in 2010. continue continue continue continue continue continue incorrect that is incorrect. please try again. try again try again try again try again try again try again forest and row crops forest and row crops forest and row crops % reduction in urban loads * 3% reduction in urban loads * <html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Welcome to </font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><i>A User’s Guide to Urban BMPs in the Chesapeake Bay</i></font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>, a course designed to provide stormwater managers, professionals, and local government staff with an overview of stormwater best management practices in the Bay watershed. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>In this module, you will learn about the primary drivers behind urban stormwater practice implementation efforts, including the Chesapeake Bay Total Maximum Daily Load (or TMDL) and MS4 permits.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Tom Schueler, CSN: </b></font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>My name is Tom Schueler, I’m with the Chesapeake Stormwater Network, and I founded the organization 10 years ago. We work to promote better stormwater practices to have a more sustainable watershed. I think it’s a really important course for everyone in the community to take to understand the practices that make your watersheds cleaner and your water supplies safer, and so this is really kind of complex when you first start out, but we’ve tried to arrange just the information you need to know and outline the many great benefits of these practices in your community for aesthetics, making the economy better, and making it a better place to live.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>We want to ensure that you have a smooth experience while participating in this course.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Pay attention to the navigational elements.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Use the buttons at the lower-right corner to navigate from one screen to the next. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>On the left, you can use the menu to jump directly to a screen. You can also click the View Script tab to see a transcript of the narration. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Use the Search feature to find a word or phrase in the transcript.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Click the next button to continue.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>This MOST Center course was developed by the Chesapeake Stormwater Network, a nonprofit organized to align the local, state, federal, and private sectors to solve the Bay stormwater problems through an independent network of concerned stormwater professionals. Click the button to learn more about the Chesapeake Stormwater Network. </font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The urban stormwater landscape in the Chesapeake Bay watershed has changed significantly over the last 30 years. In 2010, the Chesapeake Bay Total Maximum Daily Load, often called the “Bay Pollution Diet”, was adopted to reduce the mass of nutrients and sediments that are delivered to the Bay. While the Pollution Diet called for increased implementation of stormwater best management practices (or BMPs), most communities have managed stormwater through land development regulations or local MS4 permits for many years.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>In this module, we will introduce you to the Bay Pollution Diet and your MS4 permits. These primary drivers behind local BMP implementation are closely linked. Work that communities are already doing under their MS4 permits can often help show progress towards achieving pollutant reductions for the Bay Pollution Diet. </font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Understanding the watershed landscape helps show the unique scope of the Chesapeake Bay restoration effort.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The Chesapeake Bay is the largest estuary in the United States. The Bay watershed spans 64,000 square miles, from Cooperstown, NY to Norfolk, VA. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Click each area of the chart to learn more about the Chesapeake Bay watershed landscape. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Forest and Row Crops</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>About 58% of the watershed is still forest and about 10% is row crops. From a water quality perspective, forestland is the ideal watershed condition. That means that management efforts need to focus on other sources. In the Bay watershed, those sources include runoff from agricultural and urban land, and discharges from wastewater treatment plants.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Developed </b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Urban stormwater management, in particular, focuses on improving water quality in developed watersheds. 15% of the Chesapeake Bay watershed is considered to be “developed”. Specifically, 10% of the watershed is turf, and 5% is paved or otherwise impervious land. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Other</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The rest of the watershed is pasture, meadow, wetlands and open land.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#48668b'>It’s time for a Quick Check.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>While we are focusing on the urban sector in this course, Chesapeake Bay restoration is a joint effort. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Communities are also reducing pollutant loads from agriculture and wastewater sources. Agriculture is the single largest source of nutrient and sediment pollution entering the Bay. In addition, livestock generate approximately 40 million tons of manure every year that needs to be properly managed.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>In the wastewater sector, tremendous progress has been made since the mid 1980s. Investments in upgrades to the largest facilities in the watershed have helped reduce annual wastewater nutrient loads significantly, but opportunities still exist to improve treatment levels at some of the nearly 5,000 smaller facilities.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>With multiple sectors contributing to the high nutrient and sediment loads in local streams and rivers, communities must determine how to best invest their limited resources to meet their water quality goals, while also balancing other community priorities like local job creation or air quality protection. </font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The Chesapeake Bay watershed is home to approximately 18 million people. Roughly 70% of those people live within an MS4 community. An MS4, or municipal separate storm sewer system, is a publicly owned conveyance system designed or used to collect stormwater runoff and discharge it to waters of the United States. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>To prevent harmful pollutants from being washed or dumped into specific types of MS4s, operators might be required to obtain permits and develop stormwater management programs. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Larger communities, with more than 100,000 residents, need Phase I stormwater permits, while smaller communities obtain Phase II permits. There are currently 25 Phase I communities and approximately 700 Phase II communities in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. About 30% of the population is non-regulated.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The basic MS4 permit conditions consist of six minimum management measures. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Click each to learn more. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Public Education and Outreach</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>This measure requires communities to create public education and outreach programs to inform citizens about the impacts of polluted stormwater runoff on local water quality.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Public Involvement and Participation</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>For this measure, communities must provide opportunities for citizens to participate in program development.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>To meet this minimum management measure, communities must implement an illicit discharge detection and elimination program. This measure is also eligible for pollution reduction credit towards meeting the Bay Pollution Diet. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Construction Site Runoff Control</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>This measure requires communities to implement and enforce an erosion and sediment control program for construction sites. This minimum management measure is also eligible for pollution reduction credit towards the Bay Pollution Diet. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Please see the MOST Center’s Erosion and Sediment Control for Construction Sites course for a more thorough overview of this subject.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Post Construction Stormwater Management </b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>This measure requires communities to administer a program to control stormwater runoff from new and redevelopment areas. This measure is also eligible for pollution reduction credit towards meeting the Bay Pollution Diet. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Municipal Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The final measure requires communities to implement a good housekeeping program to reduce and prevent polluted stormwater runoff from municipal operations. This minimum management measure is also eligible for pollution reduction credit towards meeting the Bay Pollution Diet. </font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>A few slight enhancements to your Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination program could make it eligible for nutrient reduction credit. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Similarly, the BMPs you require to treat stormwater from new and redevelopment, like bioretention or permeable pavement, are also eligible for credit.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>In addition to the minimum management measures, many Chesapeake Bay MS4 communities have more specific, or numeric, pollutant reductions goals in their permits because of the Bay Pollution Diet.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#48668b'>It’s time for a Quick Check.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#48668b'>It’s time for a Quick Check.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#48668b'>It’s time for a Quick Check.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#48668b'>It’s time for a Quick Check.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>It is important to understand that the work MS4 communities are already doing can help meet Bay restoration goals. Still, there are many challenges to meeting MS4 permit requirements. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>For example, a 2015 survey of MS4 program managers found that these communities face substantial resource and staffing challenges and struggle to tackle the scale of the permit requirements. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>These challenges are not new, but the arrival of the Bay Pollution Diet in 2010 added another layer of complexity to their effort. This course is designed to help MS4 communities understand how they can manage their permits to meet local environmental concerns while also helping to restore the Bay. In subsequent modules, we will provide an overview of the tools available to help tackle this challenge.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The Chesapeake Bay Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) was finalized by EPA and the Bay watershed states in 2010, formally setting goals to install enough practices to clean up the Bay by 2025. This “Pollution Diet” also established a midpoint goal of having 60% of practices in place by the end of 2017. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>While the TMDL is designed to track management actions and is measured by BMP implementation, ultimate success means a measurably cleaner Bay. That means that water quality monitoring must show a certain degree of improvement in dissolved oxygen levels, water clarity, and underwater Bay grasses before the Bay Pollution Diet can be considered a true success. </font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The Bay Pollution Diet is ultimately intended to improve the health of the Chesapeake Bay ecosystem. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Much progress has been achieved in reducing pollutant loads since the Bay Pollution Diet was established in 2010, and that progress has translated to improvements in other measures, like blue crab abundance and acres of underwater grasses. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Click the blue crab and underwater grasses images to learn more about their progress.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Blue Crab</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Between 2016 and 2017, the abundance of adult (age 1+) female blue crabs in the Chesapeake Bay increased from 194 million to 254 million. That’s a 31% increase. While crab numbers do fluctuate from year to year, this number is above the 215 million target, and marks the highest amount ever recorded by the Bay-wide Blue Crab Winter Dredge Survey.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Underwater Grasses</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Similarly, in 2016, there were an estimated 97,433 acres of underwater grasses in the Chesapeake Bay. This represents a great improvement since the 1970s, surpassing the Chesapeake Bay Program’s 2017 restoration target, and marks a 53% achievement of the 185,000-acre goal.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#48668b'>It’s time for a Quick Check.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>To use an analogy, the Bay Pollution Diet is the prescribed weight that your doctor has asked you to target in order to stay healthy. That means the watershed implementation plan, often called a WIP, is your combined workout regimen and grocery list that shows how you plan to reach your target weight.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Watershed implementation plans combine programmatic goals, such as finalizing new permits or setting new erosion and sediment control standards, with numeric BMP implementation objectives in order to demonstrate how a state or locality plans to reach its goals. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>MS4 communities are often one of the first places states will look when crafting their watershed implementation plans. As permits are renewed, they are often updated to reflect the objectives established by the states during the watershed implementation planning process.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Numerous efforts have been launched to more effectively engage local communities during the development of the watershed implementation plans. </font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>To track progress towards achieving Bay restoration goals, EPA conducts milestone assessments with the Bay states every two years. These check-ins evaluate the policies and BMP implementation rates in each Bay state to determine whether they are “on track” to meet their long-term pollution reduction goals.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>BMP implementation is tracked using the Chesapeake Bay Program’s Watershed Model, which computes the impact of the reported BMPs on reducing the nutrient and sediment loads delivered to the Chesapeake Bay. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>After seven years, there has been a good deal of progress when we look at all the sources and sectors combined. According to the Watershed Model, significant reductions in nitrogen, phosphorus and total suspended solids have been achieved so far. However, there is still a long way to go in the coming years.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The urban stormwater sector, in particular, faces an uphill challenge. With new development growth projected in the coming years, communities need to not only manage nutrient and sediment loads from new sites, but also substantially reduce loads from their existing development. </font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>To meet the increasing demands of the Bay Pollution Diet, numeric load reductions or impervious cover treatment requirements are now included in many new MS4 permits. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>You will also likely see that existing MS4 permit requirements for BMP maintenance, inspection, and reporting are now used to comply with Bay BMP verification needs.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Fortunately, most of the practices established under the minimum management measures are eligible for pollutant reduction credit, and there are more and more resources being developed to assist communities with inspection and verification requirements. There are also more concerted efforts to effectively engage local communities in the development of load reduction strategies for the new watershed implementation plans.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The goal at the halfway point of the Bay Pollution Diet is to have 60% of the practices in place that are needed to achieve a clean Bay. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>But the midpoint is not just a benchmark at which to measure progress. It is also an opportunity to update and incorporate the best new science into the decision support tools used by partners across the restoration effort. The midpoint is also when we reevaluate management efforts and develop new watershed implementation plans.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>If you are interested in learning more about the midpoint assessment, click each Learn More button. These resources are also available by clicking the Resources tab . </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Lucinda Power, CBP: </b></font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The Chesapeake Bay TMDL isn’t only about improving water quality in the Bay, it’s about making sure that local rivers and streams also see water quality improvements, given that the Bay watershed covers over 64,000 square miles. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Josh Burch, DOEE: </b></font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>When I was a kid, people didn’t go out and canoe on the Anacostia River. It wasn’t something that was pleasurable because the Anacostia River was so polluted.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Sarah Lane, UMCES: </b></font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>What we’re trying to with the TMDL is get to a water quality condition where our aquatic species - our fish, our submerged aquatic vegetation, the oysters and crabs - can live.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Lucinda Power, CBP: </b></font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Stormwater is a major problem impacting Bay water quality, particularly sediment that enters local streams.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Sarah Lane, UMCES: </b></font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>There’s little tiny tributaries all across the watershed, so when we do something to improve the water quality there, that clean water runs downstream and is helping, ultimately, the loads that are delivered to the Bay.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Lucinda Power, CBP: </b></font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Urban communities have more runoff because of hard surfaces, or as we call them, impervious surfaces. Local governments are looking at retention strategies, and that captures the stormwater on site instead of having it run down the street and into the local water body. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Sarah Lane, UMCES: </b></font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Studies have actually shown, if you increase the water quality in your headwater areas, that you’re doing a cost-efficient, beneficial way to improve water quality downstream.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Lucinda Power, CBP: </b></font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>What EPA does primarily is that we review the MS4 permittees’ implementation plans and annual progress reports, and those also include Chesapeake Bay restoration strategies. We sometimes conduct on-site inspections and do more frequent reviews, but we really want to make sure that the permittees are set up for success, so often times we’ll do compliance assurance trainings to make sure that both state and local communities are aware of the permit requirements and they have the resources they need to fulfill those requirements. Many of the practices being implemented on the ground have other benefits as well. Improved fisheries, what that means is that it drives more recreation in those areas, which means more jobs and growth opportunities.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Josh Burch, DOEE: </b></font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>It’s our river, and the more that we all can work together to restore it, the more we all can play together and enjoy it.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Lucinda Power, CBP: </b></font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>It’s really about making sure that our local rivers and streams are functioning and are healthy as well as the Chesapeake Bay.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#48668b'>It’s time for a Quick Check.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#48668b'>It’s time for a Quick Check.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#48668b'>It’s time for a Quick Check.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The remaining modules in this course will walk through a range of BMPs available to communities to help meet both your MS4 permit requirements and your Chesapeake Bay TMDL goals. We will focus on the BMPs from which you should expect to achieve most of your load reductions, so that you know what your options are and how to implement them effectively. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>We will also discuss how BMP verification has changed urban stormwater management and what it means for your BMP inventory as we approach 2025. </font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>This completes the first module of the Urban BMPs course. In Module 2, we’ll introduce nine urban BMPs that can help you meet your MS4 permit and Chesapeake Bay TMDL requirements. We’ll also discuss how those practices can provide other benefits to your community.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The Pleasantville review committee can draw on criteria and evidence from several sources for judging the adequacy of their policies and program. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The sources include:</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 11, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='11' indent='-11'><font face='Arial' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>• </font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>External standards,</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 11, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='11' indent='-11'><font face='Arial' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>• </font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Financial strains,</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 11, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='11' indent='-11'><font face='Arial' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>• </font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Inadequate coordination, and</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 11, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='11' indent='-11'><font face='Arial' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>• </font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Evidence of climate change.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 11, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='11' indent='-11'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Click on each item to learn more.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>External Standards</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>External standards may change. The Center for Watershed Protection provides a helpful worksheet to evaluate your program, and the EPA provides a Water Quality Scorecard.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Click the Resources link to download these two publications.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Financial Strains</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Projects may fall short of their goals due to financial strain. For example, such strain may be evidenced by inadequate maintenance efforts; high and chronic employee overtime; and underbuilt facilities.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Inadequate Coordination</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>There may be problems related to inadequate coordination between departments and agencies in the jurisdiction. Poor coordination can lead to slow responses to problems. It can also mean missed opportunities to gain resources and provide services.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Climate Change</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>As time passes, there will be accumulating data about the local climate, which will also affect scientific predictions. For example, there might be an increase in nuisance flooding and intense storm events.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>To gain public support during implementation, Phil and his team decide to phase in the new stormwater program by beginning with what is easiest, most rapid, and most visually appealing.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>They begin by creating an inventory of stormwater activities. They notice that a project has already been scheduled on Main Street. The team thinks this is an ideal opportunity to include green infrastructure. They’ll even post educational signage to ramp up community support. For future phases, Pleasantville must prioritize projects. Projects can be prioritized by costs, likelihood of community buy-in, likely partnerships and leveraging opportunities, etc.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Skillful leadership also encourages committee members to contribute, and keeps the committee productive. Facilitators can play many roles:</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 11, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='11' indent='-11'><font face='Arial' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>• </font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Gatekeeper</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 11, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='11' indent='-11'><font face='Arial' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>• </font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Devil’s advocate</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 11, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='11' indent='-11'><font face='Arial' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>• </font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Consensus builder</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 11, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='11' indent='-11'><font face='Arial' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>• </font><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Cheerleader</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Click on each role to learn more.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>We want to ensure that you have a smooth experience while participating in this course.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Pay attention to the navigational elements.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Use the buttons at the lower-right corner to navigate from one screen to the next. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>On the left, you can use the menu to jump directly to a screen. You can also click the View Script tab to see a transcript of the narration. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Use the Search feature to find a word or phrase in the transcript.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Click the next button to continue.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#48668b'>It’s time for a Quick Check.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#48668b'>It’s time for a Quick Check.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#48668b'>It’s time for a Quick Check.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The basic MS4 permit conditions consist of six minimum management measures. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Click each to learn more. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Public Education and Outreach</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>This measure requires communities to create public education and outreach programs to inform citizens about the impacts of polluted stormwater runoff on local water quality.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Public Involvement and Participation</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>For this measure, communities must provide opportunities for citizens to participate in program development.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>To meet this minimum management measure, communities must implement an illicit discharge detection and elimination program. This measure is also eligible for pollution reduction credit towards meeting the Bay Pollution Diet. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Construction Site Runoff Control</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>This measure requires communities to implement and enforce an erosion and sediment control program for construction sites. This minimum management measure is also eligible for pollution reduction credit towards the Bay Pollution Diet. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Please see the MOST Center’s Erosion and Sediment Control for Construction Sites course for a more thorough overview of this subject.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Post Construction Stormwater Management </b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>This measure requires communities to administer a program to control stormwater runoff from new and redevelopment areas. This measure is also eligible for pollution reduction credit towards meeting the Bay Pollution Diet. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Municipal Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The final measure requires communities to implement a good housekeeping program to reduce and prevent polluted stormwater runoff from municipal operations. This minimum management measure is also eligible for pollution reduction credit towards meeting the Bay Pollution Diet. </font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#48668b'>It’s time for a Quick Check.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Understanding the watershed landscape helps show the unique scope of the Chesapeake Bay restoration effort.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The Chesapeake Bay is the largest estuary in the United States. The Bay watershed spans 64,000 square miles, from Cooperstown, NY to Norfolk, VA. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Click each area of the chart to learn more about the Chesapeake Bay watershed landscape. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Forest and Row Crops</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>About 58% of the watershed is still forest and about 10% is row crops. From a water quality perspective, forestland is the ideal watershed condition. That means that management efforts need to focus on other sources. In the Bay watershed, those sources include runoff from agricultural and urban land, and discharges from wastewater treatment plants.</font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Developed </b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Urban stormwater management, in particular, focuses on improving water quality in developed watersheds. 15% of the Chesapeake Bay watershed is considered to be “developed”. Specifically, 10% of the watershed is turf, and 5% is paved or otherwise impervious land. </font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'><b>Other</b></font></textformat></p><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96, 144]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>The rest of the watershed is pasture, meadow, wetlands and open land.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Engineered facilities designed to treat polluted stormwater including rain gardens, rain barrels, landscape infiltration facilities, etc.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Tracks BMP implementation by computing the impact of reported BMPs on reducing the nutrient and sediment loads delivered to the Chesapeake Bay. </font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>Prevents stormwater from reaching the soil, forcing water to run directly into nearby storm drains and waterways.</font></textformat></p></html><html><p align='left'><textformat leading='0' tabstops='[0, 48, 96]' blockindent='0' indent='0'><font face='Roboto' size='12.5pt' color='#ffffff'>A publicly owned conveyance system designed or used to collect stormwater runoff and discharge it to waters of the United States.</font></textformat></p></html>